Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina that can result in discharge, itching and pain. The cause is usually a change in the normal balance of vaginal bacteria or an infection. Vaginitis can also result from reduced oestrogen levels after menopause. The most common types of vaginitis are:

Bacterial vaginosis - This type of vaginitis results from overgrowth of one of several organisms normally present in the vagina, upsetting the natural balance of vaginal bacteria. Many pregnant women have bacterial vaginosis, though many are not aware of it.

Yeast infections - A naturally occurring fungus called Candida albicans usually causes this type of vaginitis. An estimated three out of four women will have a yeast infection in their lifetime.

Trichomoniasis - This type is caused by a parasite and is commonly transmitted by sexual intercourse.

Atrophic vaginitis - This type results from reduced oestrogen levels after menopause. The vaginal tissues become thinner and drier, which may lead to itching, burning or pain. Vaginitis can also be due to mixed or simultaneous infections with at least two of the above mentioned pathogens. Vaginitis is very common and most women have some kind of vaginitis at least once in their lifetime.

Signs and symptoms

Vaginitis symptoms may include:

·Change in colour, odour or amount of discharge from the vagina

·Vaginal itching or irritation

·Pain during intercourse

·Painful urination

·Light vaginal bleeding

Additional signs and symptoms, depending on the type of vaginitis, include:

·Bacterial vaginosis - A grayish-white, foul-smelling discharge. The odour, often described as fish-like, may be more obvious after sexual intercourse.

·Yeast infections - The main symptom is itching, but there may also be a white, thick discharge that resembles cottage cheese.

·Trichomoniasis - This infection can cause a greenish yellow, sometimes frothy discharge. ...continued